swap_horiz Jules Hoffmann Alternatives

1

Frank Macfarlane Burnet

Frank Macfarlane Burnet (1899–1985) was an Australian virologist and immunologist who spent most of his career at the Wa...

Australia 20TH Century Immunology Nobel

9.0 Excellent

2

Elie Metchnikoff

Élie Metchnikoff (1845–1916) was a Russian-born zoologist and immunologist who discovered phagocytosis in 1882, observin...

Research 19TH Century Immunology Nobel

8.9 Great

3

César Milstein

César Milstein (1927–2002) was an Argentine-British biochemist who spent his career at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular B...

20TH Century Immunology Nobel Cambridge

8.9 Great

4

Emil von Behring

Emil von Behring was a German physiologist and physician who developed serum therapy, fundamentally establishing the fie...

19TH Century Immunology Nobel Diphtheria

8.8 Great

5

Georges Köhler

Georges Köhler (1946–1995) was a German immunologist who, while working as a postdoctoral researcher at the MRC Laborato...

Research 20TH Century Immunology Nobel

8.8 Great

6

Françoise Barré-Sinoussi

Françoise Barré-Sinoussi is a French virologist recognized for her foundational contributions to HIV research at the Ins...

France 20TH Century Virology Hiv

8.7 Great

7

Ralph Steinman

Ralph Steinman was a Canadian immunologist who discovered dendritic cells, fundamentally altering the understanding of i...

20TH Century Immunology Nobel Rockefeller

8.6 Great

8

Roderick MacKinnon

Roderick MacKinnon is an American neuroscientist and biophysicist whose research demystified the atomic structure and fu...

21ST Century Neuroscience Nobel Rockefeller

8.6 Great

9

Rolf Zinkernagel

Rolf Zinkernagel is a Swiss immunologist whose collaborative work with Peter Doherty revealed how the immune system's T...

20TH Century Immunology Zurich Nobel

8.6 Great

10

Jack Szostak

Jack Szostak is a Canadian-American biologist whose foundational research illuminated the mechanisms of cellular aging a...

21ST Century Genetics Harvard Nobel

8.6 Great

11

Thomas Südhof

Thomas Südhof is a German-American biochemist whose research mapped the molecular mechanics of synaptic transmission in...

21ST Century Stanford Neuroscience Nobel

8.6 Great

12

Yoshinori Ohsumi

Yoshinori Ohsumi is a Japanese cell biologist whose experiments fundamentally clarified the cellular process of autophag...

Japan 21ST Century Cell Biology Nobel

8.6 Great

13

John O'Keefe

John O'Keefe is a British-American neuroscientist who shared the 2014 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his disc...

21ST Century Neuroscience Nobel Ucl

8.6 Great

14

Bruce Beutler

Bruce Beutler is an American immunologist and geneticist whose research clarified how the innate immune system detects a...

21ST Century Immunology Nobel Ut Southwestern

8.5 Great

15

Peter Doherty

Peter Doherty is an Australian immunologist and veterinary surgeon whose research advanced the understanding of cell-med...

Australia 20TH Century Immunology Nobel

8.5 Great

16

James Rothman

James Rothman is an American biochemist and cell biologist whose research mapped the mechanisms of intracellular transpo...

21ST Century Yale Cell Biology Nobel

8.5 Great

17

William Campbell

William Campbell, Irish-American biologist, shared the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering averme...

21ST Century Nobel Parasitology Ivermectin

8.5 Great

18

Satoshi Omura

Satoshi Omura is a Japanese microbiologist and biochemist recognized for his work in isolating novel natural products fr...

Microbiology Japan 21ST Century Nobel

8.5 Great

19

Victor Ambros

Victor Ambros is an American developmental biologist whose research at the University of Massachusetts Medical School ha...

21ST Century Genetics Nobel Umass

8.5 Great

20

Jean Dausset

Jean Dausset (1916–2009) was a French immunologist who worked at the Hôpital Saint-Louis in Paris. He shared the 1980 No...

France 20TH Century Immunology Nobel

8.3 Great