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Spica

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description Spica Overview

Spica, designated Alpha Virginis, is the brightest star in the constellation of Virgo and a prominent binary star system. Located approximately 250 light-years from Earth, the system consists of two massive B-type stars orbiting so closely that their mutual gravity distorts them into ellipsoidal shapes, causing variations in observed brightness. The primary star is a rotating ellipsoidal variable and a β Cephei-type pulsator. Mariners and navigators have historically used Spica to determine directions by following the arc of the Big Dipper's handle.

help Spica FAQ

What constellation is Spica in?

Spica is the brightest star in the constellation Virgo, the Maiden. It can be located by following the arc of the Big Dipper's handle through Arcturus and then arriving at Spica, a technique known to astronomers as 'arc to Arcturus, spike to Spica.'

How far is Spica from Earth?

Spica is approximately 250 light-years from Earth. Despite this considerable distance, it appears as one of the brightest stars in the night sky due to its enormous intrinsic luminosity.

What type of star is Spica?

Spica is a close binary system composed of two blue giant stars orbiting each other with a period of about four days. The primary star is significantly larger and hotter than the Sun, classifying it as a spectral type B1 star.

Why are the two stars in Spica distorted in shape?

The two blue giants in the Spica system are so close together that their mutual gravity tidally distorts both stars into ellipsoidal shapes rather than perfect spheres. This distortion causes the system's brightness to vary slightly as the stars orbit each other, making Spica a type of rotating ellipsoidal variable.

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