Top Results for X Ray

Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen was a German physicist and mechanical engineer who discovered X-rays in 1895 while experimenting with cathode rays at the University of Würzburg. Because the nature of the radiation was unknown, he termed it X-radiation, a name that was adopted internationally. His discovery r...

Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin was a British chemist renowned for her groundbreaking work utilizing X-ray crystallography to reveal the precise three-dimensional structures of complex biological molecules. Her meticulous research on penicillin and vitamin B12 significantly advanced biochemistry and earned...

This artifact is an X-ray diffraction photograph, designated 51, produced in 1952 by Rosalind Franklin and Raymond Gosling. The image reveals the repeating structure of DNA molecules. It proved crucial to James Watson and Francis Crick’s development of the now-standard double helix model for DNA's s...

Rashid Sunyaev is a prominent modern astronomer specializing in cosmology and the study of galaxy clusters. His research significantly advanced our understanding through his development of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect – an important mechanism for observing the cosmic microwave background radiation...

Petrus Debye was a prominent Dutch chemist whose work fundamentally shaped physical chemistry in the early 20th century. He is most recognized for his development of the concept of dipole moments and its application to understanding molecular properties like those of solutions. His research utilizin...

Wilhelm Röntgen was a German physicist whose accidental discovery of x-rays in 1895 revolutionized science and medicine. He demonstrated their ability to image bones and other internal structures without surgery. This breakthrough earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics. Röntgen’s work is essent...

Thomas A. Steitz is a chemist specializing in biochemistry and structural biology. His research significantly advanced our understanding of ribosomes, complex molecular machines responsible for protein synthesis. He achieved international recognition with the 2009 Nobel Prize for his groundbreaking...

SN 1006 is a supernova remnant located within the Lupus nebula of our Milky Way galaxy. It represents the expanding debris field from a Type Ia supernova event that occurred around 1006 CE. This was the most luminous stellar explosion ever observed and remains notable for its brightness, detectable...

Fiona Harrison is a modern astronomer specializing in X-ray astronomy. She leads the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) mission, providing unprecedented views of energetic events across the universe. Her work focuses on black holes and supernova remnants, offering critical data for astro...

Harvey Tananbaum is a prominent American astronomer specializing in x-ray astronomy. He led the Chandra X-ray Center for many years and significantly contributed to the operation of NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory. His work focuses on using x-rays to study celestial objects like black holes and sup...

Rashid Alievich Sunyaev is a prominent Russian astrophysicist specializing in contemporary cosmology. His work fundamentally advanced our understanding of galaxy clusters through the discovery and explanation of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect. This effect details inverse Compton scattering of cosmic...

Bruno Rossi was a twentieth-century Italian astronomer specializing in cosmic rays. His significant contribution involved pioneering research into X-rays originating from outside our solar system. He led the 1962 effort to identify the first extrasolar X-ray source, a crucial step in understanding h...

LMC N49 is a supernova remnant within the Large Magellanic Cloud formed approximately 5,000 years ago. It’s notable for containing SGR 0525-66, a magnetar – an extremely powerful neutron star with intense magnetic fields. Astronomers and astrophysicists study this remnant to understand stellar death...

The Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory is a NASA spacecraft dedicated to studying high-energy astrophysical events. Launched in 2004, it’s notable for its rapid detection of gamma-ray and X-ray bursts, providing crucial data for astronomers investigating transient phenomena like supernovae and neutron s...

E0102, formally designated 1E 0102.2-7219, is a young, oxygen-rich supernova remnant located in the Small Magellanic Cloud, a dwarf galaxy orbiting the Milky Way. Estimated to be approximately 2,000 years old, it is the brightest X-ray source in its host galaxy and has been extensively studied by in...

Suzaku, originally designated ASTRO-EII, was a Japanese X-ray astronomy satellite launched in 2005 and operated through a collaboration led by JAXA. Its instruments studied high-energy objects and processes, including black holes, supernova remnants, active galactic nuclei, and the hot gas within ga...

N49 is a supernova remnant in the Large Magellanic Cloud, a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way. Its bright, filamentary shell emits strongly at optical, radio, and X-ray wavelengths as expanding debris interacts with surrounding gas. The remnant is also associated with SGR 0526-66, the soft gamma-ray...

BeppoSAX was a European Space Agency observatory launched in 1996. This satellite primarily observed X-rays and gamma rays, providing critical data for studying high-energy astrophysical events like gamma-ray bursts. It’s notable for pioneering the detection of afterglows – faint emissions following...

The XMM-Newton observatory, operated by ESA, observes the universe primarily in X-rays. Its large telescope allows for detailed studies of extremely hot and energetic astronomical objects like black holes and supernova remnants. Scientists use XMM-Newton to investigate these phenomena and gain insig...

Martin Elvis is an astronomer specializing in modern astrophysics. He’s particularly recognized for his pioneering work analyzing X-ray emissions from quasars and active galactic nuclei. His research significantly advanced our understanding of these extremely luminous objects at the centers of galax...

IC 443, also known as the Jellyfish Nebula, is a galactic supernova remnant located in the constellation Gemini. The explosion that created the nebula is estimated to have occurred between 3,000 and 30,000 years ago, leaving behind a neutron star near its center. The remnant is notable for its inter...

N132D is an oxygen-rich supernova remnant in the Large Magellanic Cloud, a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way. It consists of expanding debris and shocked gas produced by a stellar explosion. Its oxygen-rich ejecta allow astronomers to compare supernova material with the surrounding interstellar medi...

eROSITA is a German observatory utilizing a space-based x-ray telescope. Launched in 2019 as part of the Spektr-RG mission, it performs the first comprehensive all-sky survey within the medium x-ray spectrum. This allows astronomers to study distant galaxies and energetic events across the entire sk...

Kes 75 is a supernova remnant in the Milky Way, located in the direction of the constellation Aquila. Its interior contains PSR J1846-0258, a young, energetic neutron star classified as a high-magnetic-field pulsar and observed to produce magnetar-like bursts. The remnant and pulsar are studied toge...

30 Doradus C is an X-ray bright superbubble located in the Large Magellanic Cloud, situated within the broader Tarantula Nebula star-forming region. It was formed by the powerful stellar winds of massive stars and the shockwaves from multiple supernova explosions. Astronomers study this nebula to un...

Herbert Friedman was a twentieth-century American astronomer who pioneered solar X-ray astronomy. His innovative rocket-based observations, conducted post-World War II, were crucial in establishing this field of study. He developed techniques for detecting and analyzing X-rays emitted by the Sun. Fr...

Megan Donahue is an American astronomer and professor at Michigan State University who specializes in the study of galaxy clusters and the intergalactic medium. Her research heavily utilizes X-ray and optical observations to understand the cooling flows and evolution of matter within massive cosmic...

Uhuru was a NASA-operated space observatory launched in 1970 as the first satellite dedicated specifically to X-ray astronomy. Also known as the Small Astronomy Satellite 1, it surveyed the sky for celestial X-ray sources and produced a catalog that greatly expanded the known X-ray universe. Its obs...

ROSAT, short for Röntgensatellit, was a German-led space observatory launched in 1990 for X-ray and extreme-ultraviolet astronomy. Its principal achievement was the first all-sky X-ray survey performed with an imaging telescope, which cataloged tens of thousands of sources. The mission supplied astr...