Top Results for Communist

Josip Broz Tito remains a pivotal figure in 20th-century history. He spearheaded the Yugoslav Partisans’ resistance against Nazi Germany and Italian fascism during World War II. Following the war, he established Yugoslavia as an independent communist state, navigating complex geopolitical tensions f...

Deng Xiaoping was a Chinese Communist revolutionary and statesman who led the People's Republic of China from 1978 to 1989. He never held the official title of head of state or general secretary, but was recognized as the paramount leader of the country. He initiated economic reforms that introduced...

The October Revolution was the Bolshevik seizure of power in Petrograd in November 1917 by the Gregorian calendar, or October under the Julian calendar then used in Russia. Led politically by Vladimir Lenin and organized in part through the Military Revolutionary Committee, Bolshevik forces displace...

Xi Jinping is a Chinese politician who has served as president of the People's Republic of China since 2013. He is also general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party and chairman of the party and state Central Military Commissions, positions that place him at the center of China's party, governme...

Ho Chi Minh was a key figure in 20th-century Vietnam. He spearheaded the Vietnamese communist movement, ultimately leading the nation’s struggle for independence against colonial powers like France. His leadership established the Democratic Republic of Vietnam and remains significant for those study...

The political rivalry between Joseph Stalin and Leon Trotsky emerged following the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 and intensified during Vladimir Lenin's illness and after his death in 1924. Their conflict centered on fundamental ideological differences, including Trotsky's theory of permanent revolut...

Bram Fischer was a 20th-century South African lawyer renowned for his defense of Nelson Mandela and other anti-apartheid activists during the Rivonia Trial. His unwavering commitment to communist ideals and activism within the South African Communist Party led to prolonged imprisonment. He represent...

The Chinese Communist Revolution was the political and military struggle through which the Chinese Communist Party gained control of mainland China, culminating in the proclamation of the People's Republic of China in 1949. Led by Mao Zedong, Communist forces defeated the Nationalist government afte...

The Monument to the People's Heroes is a granite obelisk located in the center of Tiananmen Square in Beijing. Completed in 1958, it honors the martyrs who died during China's revolutionary struggles spanning from the First Opium War in 1840 to the founding of the People's Republic of China. The str...

American Hunger is a memoir by American author Richard Wright, published posthumously in 1977. The text recounts Wright's life in Chicago after his departure from the Jim Crow South, including his encounters with poverty, literary communities, and the Communist Party. It was originally conceived as...

Peter Kropotkin's Anarchist Communism: Its Basis and Principles is an 1887 political essay setting out the economic and ethical case for anarchist communism. It argues that productive resources and goods should be held in common, with voluntary cooperation replacing both private ownership and centra...

Gerald Horne is an American historian and the Moores Professorship holder at the University of Houston. His research and books address African American history, labor, colonialism, international relations, and radical political movements. Horne frequently connects the history of the United States wi...

The Vietnamese August Revolution was the Viet Minh-led seizure of political power across Vietnam in August 1945, following Japan's surrender at the end of the Second World War. Ho Chi Minh proclaimed the Democratic Republic of Vietnam in Hanoi on 2 September 1945. The revolution ended the immediate...

Imre Nagy was a Hungarian communist politician who served as Prime Minister of Hungary on two separate occasions, most notably during the 1956 Hungarian Uprising. As a reformist, he sought to liberalize the government and famously announced Hungary's withdrawal from the Warsaw Pact in an attempt to...

Vladimir Lenin was a Russian revolutionary and political theorist who founded the Bolshevik Party and led the October Revolution in 1917. As head of government of Soviet Russia and later the Soviet Union until his death in 1924, he implemented policies including War Communism and the New Economic Po...

Joe Slovo was a South African anti-apartheid activist, lawyer, and leader of the South African Communist Party. He played a major role in the African National Congress and served as the chief of staff of Umkhonto we Sizwe, the organization's armed wing. Slovo was notable for being one of the few whi...

Vo Nguyen Giap was a Vietnamese military general and politician who served as the commander of the People's Army of Vietnam. He is best known for his leadership during the First Indochina War, particularly the 1954 campaign at Dien Bien Phu that forced the French out of Vietnam. He also oversaw Nort...

Chris Hani was a South African anti-apartheid activist, communist, and military leader. He served as chief of staff of Umkhonto we Sizwe, the armed wing associated with the African National Congress, and later became general secretary of the South African Communist Party. His assassination outside h...

The Mao Zedong Mausoleum, officially known as the Chairman Mao Memorial Hall, is a monumental structure located in the southern half of Tiananmen Square in Beijing, China. Completed in 1977, the building houses the preserved remains of Mao Zedong, the founder of the People's Republic of China, who i...

The Socialist Republic of Vietnam, reunified under communist rule in 1976 after decades of war, is a Southeast Asian nation of over 97 million and one of Asia's fastest-growing economies. The country operates as a single-party socialist republic under the Communist Party of Vietnam. Since the 1986 D...

Joseph Stalin was a Soviet politician and revolutionary who served as the dictator of the Soviet Union from the mid-1920s until his death in 1953. As General Secretary of the Communist Party, he consolidated power through extensive purges and established a totalitarian regime. His rule transformed t...

The Cuban Revolution was an armed revolt conducted by Fidel Castro's 26th of July Movement and its allies against the military dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista. Lasting from 1953 to 1959, the guerrilla campaign successfully overthrew Batista's government and replaced it with a socialist state. Key...

Peng Dehuai was a prominent Chinese Communist military leader and general who played a key role in the early history of the People's Republic of China. He commanded the Chinese People's Volunteer Army during the Korean War, overseeing major campaigns against United Nations forces. In 1959, Peng was...

Palmiro Togliatti was an Italian politician who served as the leader of the Italian Communist Party (PCI) for decades. Under his leadership, the PCI became the largest communist party in Western Europe following World War II. He was a prominent figure in 20th-century Italian politics and the interna...

Zhu De was a Chinese Communist military leader and a principal founder of the Chinese Red Army, which later developed into the People's Liberation Army. He joined forces with Mao Zedong at Jinggangshan, participated in the Long March, and held senior command roles during the Second Sino-Japanese War...

Mao Zedong was a Chinese communist revolutionary and the principal founder of the People's Republic of China, proclaimed in 1949 after the Communist victory in the Chinese Civil War. He led the Chinese Communist Party until his death in 1976. His rule included land reform, the Great Leap Forward, an...

Julio Antonio Mella was a Cuban student activist, journalist, and revolutionary associated with the development of organized communism in Cuba. He helped establish the University Student Federation and co-founded the original Communist Party of Cuba in 1925, activities that brought him into conflict...

Phạm Văn Đồng was a Vietnamese communist revolutionary, diplomat, and statesman closely associated with Hồ Chí Minh. He served as prime minister of North Vietnam from 1955 and then as head of government of the reunified Socialist Republic of Vietnam until 1987. His career covered the wars against Fr...

Fidel Castro was a Cuban revolutionary and politician who governed Cuba after the overthrow of Fulgencio Batista in 1959. He served first as prime minister and later as president, transferring presidential authority to his brother Raúl Castro in 2008. Under his leadership, Cuba became a one-party so...